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Solaris Containers
In this article, we will try to get a Solaris 11 zone with the minimum amount of resources as posible. In order to acomplish it, we will use the global zone's network and filesystems, and we don't start the SMF's services
First we configure a normal zone, this will be the baseline for comparisson.
We define the zonename as a variable
# export ZONENAME=zone1 |
We configure the zone
# zonecfg -z ${ZONENAME}
create -b
set brand=solaris
set ip-type=shared
add net
set address=192.168.170.253/24
set physical=vlan170
end
commit
exit
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Now, instead of installing with default values, we start cutting some space and services in the zone's manifest and config
# vi mainfest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE auto_install SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/install/ai.dtd.1">
<auto_install>
<ai_instance name="zone_default">
<target>
<logical>
<zpool name="rpool">
<be name="zbe">
<options>
<option name="compression" value="on"/>
</options>
</be>
</zpool>
</logical>
</target>
<software type="IPS">
<software_data action="install">
<name>core-os</name>
</software_data>
</software>
</ai_instance>
</auto_install>
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# vi config.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='US-ASCII'?>
<!DOCTYPE service_bundle SYSTEM "/usr/share/lib/xml/dtd/service_bundle.dtd.1">
<!-- Auto-generated by sysconfig -->
<service_bundle name="sysconfig" type="profile">
<service name="system/identity" type="service" version="1">
<instance enabled="true" name="cert"/>
<instance enabled="true" name="node">
<property_group name="config" type="application">
<propval name="nodename" type="astring" value="solaris"/>
</property_group>
</instance>
</service>
<service name="system/name-service/cache" type="service" version="1">
<instance enabled="true" name="default"/>
</service>
<service name="system/name-service/switch" type="service" version="1">
<property_group name="config" type="application">
<propval name="default" type="astring" value="files"/>
</property_group>
<instance enabled="true" name="default"/>
</service>
<service name="system/keymap" type="service" version="1">
<instance enabled="true" name="default">
<property_group name="keymap" type="application">
<propval name="layout" type="astring" value="Spanish"/>
</property_group>
</instance>
</service>
<service name="system/environment" type="service" version="1">
<instance enabled="true" name="init">
<property_group name="environment" type="application">
<propval name="LANG" type="astring" value="C"/>
</property_group>
</instance>
</service>
<service name="system/timezone" type="service" version="1">
<instance enabled="true" name="default">
<property_group name="timezone" type="application">
<propval name="localtime" type="astring" value="UTC"/>
</property_group>
</instance>
</service>
<service name="system/config-user" type="service" version="1">
<instance enabled="true" name="default">
<property_group name="root_account" type="application">
<propval name="password" type="astring" value="$5$rounds=10000$lDL4x5q8$IlHsdf·Re3f$·iP5AAK8Jj6YF/wnigr$·"d9O825MC"/>
<propval name="type" type="astring" value="normal"/>
<propval name="login" type="astring" value="root"/>
</property_group>
</instance>
</service>
</service_bundle>
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Zone installation
# zoneadm -z ${ZONENAME} install -m manifest.xml -c config.xml
The following ZFS file system(s) have been created:
rpool/VARSHARE/zones/zone1
Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20200304T094644Z.zone1.install
Image: Preparing at /system/zones/zone1/root.
Install Log: /system/volatile/install.14837/install_log
AI Manifest: /tmp/manifest.xml.KwahVa
SC Profile: /usr/share/auto_install/sc_profiles/enable_sci.xml
Zonename: zone1
Installation: Starting ...
Creating IPS image
Startup linked: 1/1 done
Installing packages from:
solaris
origin: http://pkg.gestio.sys/oracle/
DOWNLOAD PKGS FILES XFER (MB) SPEED
Completed 306/306 47432/47432 327.0/327.0 6.5M/s
PHASE ITEMS
Installing new actions 66258/66258
Updating package state database Done
Updating package cache 0/0
Updating image state Done
Creating fast lookup database Done
Updating package cache 1/1
Installation: Succeeded
done.
Done: Installation completed in 248.885 seconds.
Next Steps: Boot the zone, then log into the zone console (zlogin -C)
to complete the configuration process.
Log saved in non-global zone as /system/zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20200304T094644Z.zone1.install
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The minimum package we can install is core-os, it takes 717Mb
# du -sh /system/zones/${ZONENAME}
717M /system/zones/zone1
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We make a first boot in order to configure the services
# zoneadm -z ${ZONENAME} boot
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We install and start apache
# zlogin ${ZONENAME} pkg install apache-24
# zlogin ${ZONENAME} svcadm enable apache24
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Now we see all the processes and how much memory it takes in the zone
# ptree -z ${ZONENAME}
17019 zsched
17093 /usr/sbin/init
17101 /lib/svc/bin/svc.startd
17507 /usr/sbin/ttymon -g -d /dev/console -l console -m ldterm,ttcompat -h -p solaris console login:
17103 /lib/svc/bin/svc.configd
17177 /usr/sbin/sysobjd -d 0 -b 300 -t 300 -n 5
17191 /lib/crypto/kcfd
17202 /usr/lib/pfexecd
17224 /usr/lib/utmpd
17232 /sbin/sh /lib/svc/method/net-ipmgmt start
17233 sleep 3600
17265 /lib/svc/bin/svc.periodicd
17270 /usr/lib/rad/rad -sp
17361 /usr/lib/zones/zoneproxy-client -s localhost:1008
17375 /usr/sbin/rpcbind -w
17389 /usr/lib/fm/fmd/fmd
17437 /usr/sbin/cron
17443 /usr/lib/inet/inetd start
17463 /usr/lib/sstore/bin/sstored --events --repo-path /var/share/sstore/repo --max-repo-size 2048
17471 /usr/sbin/nscd
17489 /usr/sbin/syslogd
17537 /usr/lib/sstore/bin/sysstatd --max-process-size=268435456
17577 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -k start
17578 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -k start
17579 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -k start
17580 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -k start
# zonestat 5
Collecting data for first interval...
Interval: 1, Duration: 0:00:05
SUMMARY Cpus/Online: 8/8 PhysMem: 8192M VirtMem: 9215M
----------CPU---------- --PhysMem-- --VirtMem-- --PhysNet--
ZONE USED %PART STLN %STLN USED %USED USED %USED PBYTE %PUSE
[total] 0.01 0.14% 0.00 0.00% 2442M 29.8% 2602M 28.2% 2576 0.00%
[system] 0.00 0.02% 0.00 0.00% 1858M 22.6% 1926M 20.8% - -
global 0.00 0.10% - - 351M 4.29% 431M 4.68% 2576 0.00%
zone1 0.00 0.01% - - 232M 2.83% 244M 2.65% 0 0.00%
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Now we turn off the zone
# zoneadm -z ${ZONENAME} halt
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We will now disable SMF by starting Apache from inittab
# echo "run::sysinit:/etc/rc.local >/dev/msglog 2>&1 </dev/console" > /system/zones/${ZONENAME}/root/etc/inittab
# vi /system/zones/${ZONENAME}/root/etc/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
zfs mount rpool/VARSHARE
ZONENAME=$(zoneadm list)
zoneadm -z ${ZONENAME} mark -a goals-online
/usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -DFOREGROUND -k start
zoneadm -z ${ZONENAME} mark -a goals-maintenance
# chmod +x /system/zones/${ZONENAME}/root/etc/rc.local
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In the start script (rc.local) we have to mount /var/share because it is needed by zoneadm. With zoneadm we mark that the zone arrived to the goals-online service, then the service named svc:/system/zones/zone:${ZONENAME} at the global zone goes to the online state.
# zoneadm -z ${ZONENAME} boot
# ptree -z ${ZONENAME}
18387 zsched
18461 /usr/sbin/init
18463 /bin/bash /etc/rc.local
18473 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -DFOREGROUND -k start
18474 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -DFOREGROUND -k start
18475 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -DFOREGROUND -k start
18476 /usr/apache2/2.4/bin/httpd -DFOREGROUND -k start
# zonestat 5
Collecting data for first interval...
Interval: 1, Duration: 0:00:05
SUMMARY Cpus/Online: 8/8 PhysMem: 8192M VirtMem: 9215M
----------CPU---------- --PhysMem-- --VirtMem-- --PhysNet--
ZONE USED %PART STLN %STLN USED %USED USED %USED PBYTE %PUSE
[total] 0.00 0.10% 0.00 0.00% 2216M 27.0% 2357M 25.5% 2188 0.00%
[system] 0.00 0.02% 0.00 0.00% 1849M 22.5% 1906M 20.6% - -
global 0.00 0.08% - - 351M 4.29% 432M 4.69% 2188 0.00%
zone1 0.00 0.00% - - 15.3M 0.18% 18.1M 0.19% 0 0.00%
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Now we see that we have just a few processes and the memory footprint of the zone is a lot less than before
Then we can delete some directories and use the global zone. We mount the files from the global zone (similarly as we used to do with solaris 10 SMALL zones)
Now we configure the zone
# zonecfg -z ${ZONENAME}
add fs
set dir=/usr
set special=/usr
set type=lofs
add options ro
end
add fs
set dir=/lib
set special=/lib
set type=lofs
add options ro
end
add fs
set dir=/platform
set special=/platform
set type=lofs
add options ro
end
commit
exit
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We delete the files
# rm -rf /system/zones/${ZONENAME}/root/usr/* /system/zones/${ZONENAME}/root/lib/* /system/zones/${ZONENAME}/root/platform/*
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We deleted 600Mb
# du -sh /system/zones/${ZONENAME}
144M /system/zones/zone1
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We can now delete the snapshots made by the install command:
# zfs destroy -r rpool/VARSHARE/zones/${ZONENAME}/rpool/ROOT/zbe@install
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